Cerium Carbonate Hydrate, Cerous Carbonate Hydrate, 54451-25-1

🧪 CERIUM(III) CARBONATE HYDRATE

1️⃣ Physical and Chemical Properties

• Chemical Name: Cerium(III) Carbonate Hydrate

• Chemical Formula: Ce₂(CO₃)₃·xH₂O (hydrated form)

• CAS Number: 54451-25-1

• EC Number: 611-348-8

• Molecular Weight: ~460 g/mol (varies with hydration level)

• Appearance: White to pale yellow powder

• Melting Point: Not well defined; decomposes to CeO₂ upon heating

• Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in acids

• Stability: Stable at room temperature

• Density: ~3.5–4 g/cm³

2️⃣ Detailed Applications

• Catalysis: Precursor for cerium oxide (CeO₂) used in automotive catalytic converters and chemical catalysis

• Optical glass production: Controls UV transmission and stabilizes refractive index

• Electronics: Additive in semiconductors and vacuum systems

• Coating technologies: Thin film deposition and sputtering target precursor

• Nanotechnology: Source material for CeO₂ nanoparticles

• Defense industry: Optical filters and laser systems

• Chemical industry: Intermediate for rare‑earth oxides and hydroxides

3️⃣ Synonyms, CAS, EC and Codes

4️⃣ Alternative / Substitute Products

• Cerium Oxide (CeO₂): Directly used in catalysis and optics

• Cerium Hydroxide (Ce(OH)₄): Alternative precursor for CeO₂

• Lanthanum Carbonate (La₂(CO₃)₃): Similar rare‑earth carbonate properties

• Praseodymium Carbonate (Pr₂(CO₃)₃): Comparable optical and catalytic functions

5️⃣ Sectoral Compliance Table

6️⃣ Common Names

• Cerium carbonate

• White carbonate powder

• Optical additive

• Cerium salt

7️⃣ Production

• Starting material: Cerium‑containing rare‑earth ores

• Process: Carbonate precipitation → Filtration → Drying → Hydrate formation

• Production grades: Technical and high‑purity grades

• Main producing countries: China, India, USA

• Commercial purity: 99% – 99.99%

8️⃣ Key Sectors and Processes

• Catalyst production: Precursor for CeO₂ catalysts

• Optical glass production: UV transmission and refractive index control

• Electronic vacuum systems: Surface additive and protective layer

• Defense optics: Precision laser filtering systems

• Nanotechnology: CeO₂ nanoparticle synthesis