Pentaerythritol Phosphate, PEPA, 5301-78-0

PENTAERYTHRITOL PHOSPHATE (PEPA)

1. PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND CHEMICAL IDENTITY

Short Identity Section

Detailed Identification

Description:
Pentaerythritol Phosphate (PEPA) is a phosphorus-based, halogen-free reactive intumescent flame retardant intermediate. Thanks to the terminal hydroxyl groups in its molecular structure, it is used as an important intermediate in the production of various phosphorus-containing flame retardants. PEPA can be used directly in polypropylene (PP), PBT, and other engineering plastics, and is also preferred in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and intumescent flame retardant systems. It has low toxicity and provides effective flame retardant performance. The EC number is 610-937-2.

2. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Note: There are minor variations in melting point and density values among sources. For precise values, refer to the supplier's specification.

3. SOLUBILITY PROFILE

Note: Specific solubility data for PEPA are not available in the sources.

4. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIONS

Incompatibilities

• Strong oxidizing agents (general precaution)

Chemical Reactions

• Reactive Intermediate: Terminal hydroxyl groups can react in the synthesis of phosphorus-containing flame retardants.

• Intumescent Effect: Forms phosphoric acid under heat, promoting char formation and creating a protective barrier.

5. SPECIFICATIONS

Packaging Options

6. APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRIAL USES

6.1 Primary Application Areas

6.2 Key Advantages

• Provides halogen-free solutions.

• Safer for the environment and human health.

• High-efficiency phosphorus source.

• Excellent compatibility with intumescent systems.

• Can be used in a wide variety of polymer systems.

• Enhances the effectiveness of flame retardant formulations.

• Exhibits good thermal stability.

6.3 Application Notes

PEPA is typically used in intumescent systems together with the following components:

• Ammonium Polyphosphate (APP)

• Melamine

• Melamine Phosphate

• Melamine Pyrophosphate

• Di-Pentaerythritol

• Char-forming carbon sources

The optimal usage ratio should be determined through laboratory studies based on the final polymer system and the targeted flame retardant standard.

7. BIOLOGICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES

Note: This product is an industrial chemical intermediate. It is not intended for biological, pharmaceutical, or food applications.

8. BIOCHEMICAL APPLICATIONS

Note: Not applicable for this industrial chemical intermediate.

9. SAFETY AND TOXICOLOGY

9.1 Acute Toxicity

9.2 Chronic Toxicity

9.3 GHS Classification

Note: GHS classification is based on the most commonly reported classifications in available SDSs. Some suppliers may use additional classifications.

9.4 Precautionary Statements

9.5 Safety Precautions and PPE

Hazards:

• Causes skin irritation

• Causes serious eye irritation

• May cause respiratory irritation

• May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life

PPE (recommended):

• Chemical-resistant gloves

• Safety goggles

• Suitable work clothing

• Dust mask (if dust is generated)

9.6 Environmental Fate

10. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

Note: According to available data, the product is not classified as a dangerous good for transport.

11. REGULATORY INFORMATION

Note: The substance has an EC number and is registered under REACH.

12. STORAGE AND HANDLING

13. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES

14. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

15. FIRST AID MEASURES

16. RAW MATERIALS AND DOWNSTREAM PRODUCTS

16.1 Raw Materials (Upstream)

16.2 Downstream Products

17. SECTORAL SUITABILITY AND USAGE LEVELS

18. CARBON DIOXIDE ABSORPTION AND REAGENTS

Not applicable. PEPA is an industrial flame retardant intermediate and is not used for CO₂ absorption or as a chemical reagent.

19. DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS

Note: PEPA is an intermediate used in combination with APP and melamine in intumescent systems.

20. SUMMARY AND CRITICAL WARNINGS

SUMMARY

Pentaerythritol Phosphate (PEPA) is a phosphorus-based, halogen-free reactive intumescent flame retardant intermediate. Thanks to the terminal hydroxyl groups in its molecular structure, it is used as an important intermediate in the production of various phosphorus-containing flame retardants. PEPA can be used directly in polypropylene (PP), PBT, and other engineering plastics, and is also preferred in the formulation of adhesives, coatings, and intumescent flame retardant systems.

The chemical name is 2,6,7-Trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-4-methanol 1-oxide, with CAS number 5301-78-0 and EC number 610-937-2. It appears as a white powder with a phosphorus content of ≥17.0% and a melting range of 195–215°C.

Key Properties

Main Application Areas

Key Safety Points

• SKIN IRRITATION: Causes skin irritation (H315).

• EYE IRRITATION: Causes serious eye irritation (H319).

• RESPIRATORY IRRITATION: May cause respiratory irritation (H335).

• AQUATIC TOXICITY: May cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life (H413).

• PPE REQUIRED: Use chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and suitable work clothing. Use a dust mask if dust is generated.

• STORAGE: Keep containers tightly closed in a dry and cool place, protected from moisture and direct sunlight.

• DISPOSAL: Dispose of according to local regulations.

Critical Warnings

• PEPA may cause skin, eye, and respiratory irritation.

• It may have long lasting harmful effects on aquatic life; avoid release to the environment.

• This TDS contains completed toxicological, transport, firefighting, and first aid data, but always refer to the supplier's official SDS/MSDS.

• Do not use this TDS as a substitute for the official SDS/MSDS.

• Users are responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all applicable regulations and safety requirements.

Disclaimer:
This Technical Data Sheet (TDS) is for informational purposes only. The information provided is based on the original source document, verified CAS/EC numbers, and data completed from reliable sources (ECHA, manufacturer SDSs, technical databases). However, the user is solely responsible for determining the suitability of the product for their specific applications and for complying with all applicable regulations and safety requirements. For complete safety, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance information, always refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Users are responsible for testing the product in their own processes and applications. All local, national, and international regulations must be followed when working with Pentaerythritol Phosphate (PEPA).