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Send EmailCupric Nitrate, Copper Nitrate, Copper Nitrate Trihydrate, Copper Nitrate Hexahydrate, Copper Nitrate Anhydrous, 13478-38-1, 10031-43-3, 10402-29-6, 3251-23-8
COPPER(II) NITRATE AND HYDRATES
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Copper(II) Nitrate |
| Chemical Name | Copper(II) Nitrate (Cupric Nitrate) |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Bakır Nitrat, Küprik Nitrat, Bakır Dinitrat, Nitrik Asit Bakır Tuzu |
| Synonyms (English) | Copper(II) Nitrate, Cupric Nitrate, Copper Dinitrate, Nitric Acid Copper Salt |
| CAS Number | 3251-23-8 (Anhydrous) / 10031-43-3 (Trihydrate) / 13478-38-1 (Hexahydrate) / 10402-29-6 (Unspecified) |
| Molecular Formula | Cu(NO₃)₂ (Anhydrous) / Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O (Trihydrate) / Cu(NO₃)₂·6H₂O (Hexahydrate) |
| Molecular Weight | 187.56 g/mol (Anhydrous) / 241.60 g/mol (Trihydrate) / 295.65 g/mol (Hexahydrate) |
| Appearance | Bright blue crystalline solid (hydrates); Pale blue to white powder (anhydrous) |
| Odor | Odorless |
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
Copper(II) Nitrate Structure:
O
||
Cu²⁺ [O—N—O⁻] (x2)
||
O
Structure Description:
-
Inorganic salt formed by copper metal and nitric acid.
-
Contains copper in the +2 oxidation state (Cu²⁺).
-
Contains two nitrate anions (NO₃⁻).
-
Typically found as hydrates with different numbers of water molecules.
-
Characterized by bright blue color (hydrates).
-
Strong oxidizing agent.
SECTION 1: CHEMICAL IDENTITY AND DESCRIPTION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Copper(II) Nitrate |
| Chemical Name | Copper(II) Nitrate (Cupric Nitrate) |
| Synonyms (Turkish) | Bakır Nitrat, Küprik Nitrat, Bakır Dinitrat, Nitrik Asit Bakır Tuzu |
| Synonyms (English) | Copper(II) Nitrate, Cupric Nitrate, Copper Dinitrate, Nitric Acid Copper Salt |
| CAS Number | 3251-23-8 (Anhydrous) / 10031-43-3 (Trihydrate) / 13478-38-1 (Hexahydrate) / 10402-29-6 (Unspecified) |
| Molecular Formula | Cu(NO₃)₂ (Anhydrous) / Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O (Trihydrate) / Cu(NO₃)₂·6H₂O (Hexahydrate) |
| Molecular Weight | 187.56 g/mol (Anhydrous) / 241.60 g/mol (Trihydrate) / 295.65 g/mol (Hexahydrate) |
| Chemical Class | Inorganic salt; Nitrate; Copper compound; Oxidizer |
| Source | Synthetic (reaction of copper metal or copper compounds with nitric acid) |
| Physical State (20°C) | Solid (crystalline) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Color | Bright blue (hydrates); Pale blue to white (anhydrous) |
SECTION 2: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Value | Test Method / Note |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Bright blue crystalline solid (hydrates); Pale blue to white powder (anhydrous) | Visual |
| Odor | Odorless | Olfactometric |
| Molecular Weight | 187.56 g/mol (Anhydrous) / 241.60 g/mol (Trihydrate) / 295.65 g/mol (Hexahydrate) | Calculated |
| Density | 2.32 g/cm³ (Anhydrous); 2.05 g/cm³ (Trihydrate); 2.07 g/cm³ (Hexahydrate) | ASTM D4052 |
| Melting Point | 255-256°C (Anhydrous, decomposes); ~114°C (Hexahydrate, in its own water of crystallization) | DSC |
| Boiling Point | Not applicable (decomposes before boiling) | – |
| Decomposition Temperature | ~170°C (decomposes to CuO, NO₂, O₂) | – |
| Solubility in Water (0°C) | 243.7 g/100 mL (very high) | General Method |
| Solubility in Ethanol | Soluble | General Method |
| Solubility in Ethyl Acetate | Soluble | General Method |
| pH (5% Solution) | ~3.5 – 4.5 (acidic) | pH Meter |
| Stability | Stable under normal conditions; Hygroscopic | – |
| Oxidizing Properties | Strong oxidizer | – |
| Hygroscopicity | High (especially anhydrous form) | – |
| Copper (Cu) Content | ~33.9% (Anhydrous); ~26.3% (Trihydrate); ~21.5% (Hexahydrate) | AAS / ICP |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Arsenic (As) | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤ 2 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.01% | AAS / ICP |
| Chloride (Cl) | ≤ 0.01% | Titrimetric |
| Sulfate (SO₄) | ≤ 0.01% | Gravimetric |
| Assay (Cu(NO₃)₂) | ≥ 98.0% (various grades) | Titrimetric / ICP |
SECTION 3: COPPER(II) NITRATE FORMS COMPARISON
| Property | Anhydrous Cu(NO₃)₂ | Trihydrate Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O | Hexahydrate Cu(NO₃)₂·6H₂O |
|---|---|---|---|
| CAS Number | 3251-23-8 | 10031-43-3 | 13478-38-1 |
| Molecular Weight | 187.56 g/mol | 241.60 g/mol | 295.65 g/mol |
| Copper Content | ~33.9% | ~26.3% | ~21.5% |
| Appearance | Pale blue/white powder | Bright blue crystals | Bright blue crystals |
| Hygroscopicity | Very high (deliquescent) | High | Moderate |
| Melting Point | 255-256°C | ~114°C (in crystal water) | ~114°C (in crystal water) |
| Solubility in Water | High | High | High |
| Stability | Less stable (absorbs moisture) | Stable | Stable |
| Primary Use | Organic synthesis, catalysts | Catalysts, textiles, pyrotechnics | Textile, agriculture, pigments |
SECTION 4: MECHANISM OF ACTION
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Oxidizing Agent | Nitrate ion (NO₃⁻) acts as an oxygen donor; Supports combustion and oxidation reactions; Decomposes to release oxygen and nitrogen oxides. |
| Catalytic Activity | Copper ions (Cu²⁺) act as Lewis acids; Catalyze organic reactions (nitration, oxidation); Used in synthesis of various organic compounds. |
| Color Formation (Pyrotechnics) | Upon heating, copper nitrate decomposes to copper oxide (CuO); Copper oxide produces characteristic blue/green flames; Used in fireworks and pyrotechnic compositions. |
| Mordant (Textile) | Binds with dyes to form insoluble complexes; Fixes dyes to textile fibers; Provides color fastness. |
| Fungicidal Action | Copper ions are toxic to fungi and microorganisms; Disrupts cellular processes; Used in agricultural fungicides. |
| Electroplating | Provides copper ions (Cu²⁺) for electrodeposition; Used in electrolytic copper plating; Surface treatment and coating applications. |
SECTION 5: PRODUCTION PROCESS
Industrial Production Methods:
Method 1: Dissolution of Copper Metal in Nitric Acid
Reaction: Cu + 4HNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O + 2NO₂
Description: Copper metal is reacted with concentrated nitric acid. The reaction produces copper nitrate, water, and nitrogen dioxide gas (brown fumes). The resulting solution is evaporated and crystallized to obtain the desired hydrate form.
Method 2: Nitrogen Tetroxide Method
Reaction: Cu + N₂O₄ → Cu(NO₃)₂
Description: Copper metal is reacted with nitrogen tetroxide. This method is used for the production of anhydrous copper nitrate.
Method 3: Dissolution of Copper Compounds in Nitric Acid
Reactions:
-
CuO + 2HNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + H₂O
-
CuCO₃ + 2HNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + CO₂ + H₂O
-
Cu(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O
Description: Copper oxide, copper carbonate, or copper hydroxide is dissolved in nitric acid. This method is more controlled and produces less gas. The solution is then evaporated and crystallized.
SECTION 6: FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Oxidizer | Strong oxidizing agent; Supports combustion; Used in pyrotechnic compositions; Decomposes to release oxygen. |
| Catalyst | Lewis acid catalyst for organic reactions; Used in nitration reactions; Used in synthesis of 3-aminopropenones and 3-aminopropenoates; Accelerates and directs reactions. |
| Pigment/Colorant | Provides blue to blue-green colors; Used in glass, ceramics, and enamels; Light-sensitive ceramic coatings. |
| Mordant (Textile) | Color-fixing agent in textile dyeing; Forms insoluble complexes with dyes; Improves color fastness. |
| Fungicide | Copper ions are toxic to fungi; Used in agricultural fungicides; Especially for vines and fruit trees. |
| Electroplating Source | Provides copper ions for electroplating; Used in copper plating baths; Surface finishing. |
| Wood Preservative | Protects wood against fungi, insects, and decay; Used in wood impregnation formulations. |
SECTION 7: MAIN APPLICATION AREAS
| Industry / Application | Function | Typical Use |
|---|---|---|
| Textile Industry | Mordant, dye fixative | Textile dyeing and printing; Color fixing; Improves dye fastness. |
| Agriculture | Fungicide precursor, pesticide | Production of fungicides for vines and fruit trees; Insecticides; Copper-based pesticides. |
| Pyrotechnics | Oxidizer, colorant | Fireworks, signal flares; Blue/blue-green flame production; Decomposes to CuO for color. |
| Ceramics & Glass | Pigment, colorant | Glass coloring (blue to green); Ceramic enamels; Glaze formulations; Light-sensitive ceramic coatings. |
| Surface Treatment | Electroplating, surface finishing | Electrolytic copper plating; Metal surface treatment; Polishing and finishing processes. |
| Wood Preservation | Preservative, antifungal | Wood impregnation; Protection against fungi, insects, and decay; Wood treatment formulations. |
| Organic Chemistry | Catalyst, reagent | Nitration reactions; Catalysis of organic synthesis; 3-aminopropenone synthesis; Used with acetic anhydride. |
| Metal Polishing | Polishing agent | Polishing and burnishing of certain metals; Surface finishing. |
| Rocket Fuels | Oxidizer, additive | Advanced technology applications; Rocket propellant oxidizers; Additive for propulsion systems. |
SECTION 8: SAMPLE FORMULATIONS
Textile Mordant Solution:
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Copper(II) Nitrate Hexahydrate | 5 – 10 g |
| Water | 1000 mL |
Instructions: Dissolve copper nitrate in water with stirring; Adjust pH as required; Apply to textile materials for dye fixation.
Pyrotechnic Blue Flame Composition:
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Copper(II) Nitrate (oxidizer/colorant) | 15 – 25% |
| Potassium Chlorate (oxidizer) | 15 – 20% |
| Sulfur (fuel) | 10 – 15% |
| Charcoal (fuel) | 5 – 10% |
| Binder (Dextrin) | As required |
Instructions: Mix components thoroughly; Screen to desired particle size; Use immediately or store in moisture-proof containers.
SECTION 9: QUALITY SPECIFICATIONS
| Parameter | Industrial Grade | Technical Grade | Reagent Grade | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Bright blue crystals | Bright blue crystals | Bright blue crystals | Visual |
| Assay (Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O) | ≥ 98.0% | ≥ 99.0% | ≥ 99.5% | Titrimetric / ICP |
| Copper Content (Cu) | ≥ 26.0% | ≥ 26.3% | ≥ 26.3% | AAS / ICP |
| pH (5% Solution) | 3.5 – 4.5 | 3.5 – 4.5 | 3.5 – 4.5 | pH Meter |
| Water Insoluble | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.02% | ≤ 0.01% | Gravimetric |
| Chloride (Cl) | ≤ 0.02% | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.005% | Titrimetric |
| Sulfate (SO₄) | ≤ 0.02% | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.005% | Gravimetric |
| Heavy Metals (as Pb) | ≤ 10 ppm | ≤ 5 ppm | ≤ 5 ppm | AAS / ICP |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.01% | ≤ 0.005% | ≤ 0.002% | AAS / ICP |
| Loss on Drying | ≤ 1.0% | ≤ 0.5% | ≤ 0.3% | Gravimetric |
SECTION 10: TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Acute Oral Toxicity (LD50, Rat) | ~ 1,000 – 2,000 mg/kg (moderate toxicity) |
| Acute Dermal Toxicity | Low toxicity; May cause irritation |
| Skin Irritation | May cause irritation |
| Eye Irritation | May cause severe irritation |
| Inhalation Toxicity | May cause respiratory irritation; Inhalation of dust may be harmful |
| Chronic Toxicity | Copper compounds may cause liver and kidney damage upon chronic exposure |
| Carcinogenicity | Not classified as carcinogenic |
| Mutagenicity | Not mutagenic |
| Reproductive Toxicity | No specific reproductive toxicity at normal levels |
| Environmental Toxicity | Toxic to aquatic organisms; May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. |
| Special Toxicity Note | Copper nitrate is an oxidizer and irritant; Causes skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritation; Harmful if swallowed; Use appropriate personal protective equipment; Avoid environmental release; Copper compounds require careful handling. |
SECTION 11: GHS CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING
GHS Classification (in accordance with CLP and UN GHS):
| Hazard Class | Category | H-Statement |
|---|---|---|
| Oxidizing Solids | Category 2 | H272 |
| Acute Toxicity (Oral) | Category 4 | H302 |
| Skin Irritation | Category 2 | H315 |
| Eye Irritation | Category 2 | H319 |
| Acute Aquatic Toxicity | Category 1 | H400 |
| Chronic Aquatic Toxicity | Category 1 | H410 |
Signal Word: WARNING
Hazard Pictograms: GHS03 (Flame Over Circle), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark), GHS09 (Environment)
Hazard Statements (H-Codes):
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| H272 | May intensify fire; oxidizer |
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
| H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life |
| H410 | Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
NFPA 704 Hazard Classification:
| Health | Flammability | Reactivity | Special |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 0 | 1 | OX |
| (Moderate health hazard) | (Non-flammable) | (Mild reactivity) | (Oxidizer) |
SECTION 12: PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS (P-CODES)
| Code | Statement |
|---|---|
| P220 | Keep away from clothing and other combustible materials |
| P221 | Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles |
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling |
| P270 | Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product |
| P273 | Avoid release to the environment |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection |
| P301+P312 | IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor if you feel unwell |
| P302+P352 | IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water |
| P304+P340 | IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing |
| P305+P351+P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and continue rinsing |
| P312 | Call a POISON CENTER/doctor if you feel unwell |
| P332+P313 | If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention |
| P337+P313 | If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention |
| P362+P364 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse |
| P370+P378 | In case of fire: Use water spray, foam, or dry chemical powder |
| P391 | Collect spillage |
| P403+P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations |
SECTION 13: FIRST AID MEASURES
| Exposure Route | Action to Take |
|---|---|
| Inhalation | Remove to fresh air immediately. If respiratory irritation develops, seek medical attention. |
| Skin Contact | Wash with plenty of soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. If irritation persists, get medical attention. |
| Eye Contact | Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Keep eyelids open. Remove contact lenses if present. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. |
| Ingestion | Rinse mouth. Drink plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical attention if large quantities are ingested or if feeling unwell. |
SECTION 14: FIREFIGHTING MEASURES
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Fire Hazard | Not flammable but is a strong oxidizer. Will support and accelerate combustion of other materials. |
| Hazards Arising from Fire | Thermal decomposition produces nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and copper oxide fumes; May release toxic fumes. |
| Suitable Extinguishing Media | Water spray (large quantities), water fog, foam, dry chemical powder. |
| Unsuitable Extinguishing Media | CO₂ (may be ineffective), water jet (may spread burning material) |
| Special Protective Equipment | Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), full protective clothing, firefighting goggles. |
| Special Precautions | Evacuate area; Prevent fire-fighting water from entering waterways; Cool fire-exposed containers with water spray; Avoid mixing with combustible materials during fire fighting. |
SECTION 15: STORAGE AND SHELF LIFE
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| Storage Conditions | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; PROTECT FROM MOISTURE and CONTAMINATION; Separate from combustible materials and reducing agents. |
| Container Requirements | Tightly closed, moisture-proof containers (PE-lined bags, HDPE drums). |
| Materials to Protect From | Moisture, heat, combustible materials, organic substances, reducing agents |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 36 months (in unopened original packaging, under proper storage conditions). |
| Stability Note | Stable under recommended storage conditions; Hygroscopic; Absorbs moisture from air; May deliquesce if exposed to high humidity; Protect from light and heat. |
| Special Storage Requirements | Store in a dry, cool place; Avoid exposure to air and moisture; Opened containers must be resealed immediately; Keep away from combustible materials. |
SECTION 16: PACKAGING OPTIONS
| Packaging Type | Quantity | Material |
|---|---|---|
| PE-Lined Paper Bag | 25 kg, 50 kg | PE-lined kraft paper bag (moisture-proof) |
| Plastic Bag | 10 kg, 25 kg, 50 kg | PE bag (inner-lined, sealed, moisture-proof) |
| Plastic Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg | HDPE / Polypropylene (moisture-proof, chemical-resistant) |
| Fiber Drum | 25 kg, 50 kg | PE-lined fiberboard drum |
| FIBC / Big Bag | 500 kg, 1000 kg | PE-lined, moisture-resistant PP woven bag |
SECTION 17: TRANSPORT INFORMATION
| Parameter | Information |
|---|---|
| UN Number | UN 3085 (Copper(II) Nitrate / Oxidizing Solid, Toxic) |
| Hazard Class | Class 5.1 - Oxidizing Substances |
| Packing Group | III |
| ADR/RID | Class 5.1; UN 3085; Packing Group III |
| IMDG Code | Class 5.1; UN 3085; Marine pollutant: Yes |
| IATA (Air) | Class 5.1; UN 3085; Packing Group III |
| Transport Label | Oxidizer (Class 5.1) |
| Marine Pollutant | Yes |
| Special Transport Requirements | Segregation from combustibles and reducing agents; Secure from unauthorized access; Protect from moisture. |
SECTION 18: REGULATORY STATUS
| Region / Authority | Status |
|---|---|
| European Union | REACH registered; Regulated as oxidizing substance; Environmental hazard classification. |
| USA (TSCA) | Listed (TSCA Inventory) |
| USA (EPA) | Regulated under toxic substances and environmental programs. |
| Turkey | Regulated as hazardous chemical; Subject to KKDIK regulation; Environmental Ministry controls; Storage and transportation permits required. |
| IARC | Not classified (non-carcinogenic) |
| NTP | Not listed |
| OSHA | Regulated as oxidizer and irritant; Hazard Communication Standard. |
| California (Prop 65) | Not listed |
| Fertilizer Regulations | May be subject to heavy metal limits for agricultural use. |
SECTION 19: OTHER NAMES AND SYNONYMS
| Type | Name |
|---|---|
| Turkish Names | Bakır Nitrat, Küprik Nitrat, Bakır Dinitrat, Nitrik Asit Bakır Tuzu |
| English Names | Copper(II) Nitrate, Cupric Nitrate, Copper Dinitrate, Nitric Acid Copper Salt |
| Hydrate Names | Copper(II) Nitrate Hexahydrate, Trihydrate, Anhydrous |
| CAS Number | 3251-23-8 (Anhydrous) / 10031-43-3 (Trihydrate) / 13478-38-1 (Hexahydrate) / 10402-29-6 (Unspecified) |
| EC Number | 221-838-5 |
| HS Code | 2834.29 |
SECTION 20: SUMMARY TABLE
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Product | Copper(II) Nitrate |
| CAS Number | 3251-23-8 (Anhydrous) / 10031-43-3 (Trihydrate) / 13478-38-1 (Hexahydrate) |
| Molecular Formula | Cu(NO₃)₂ (Anhydrous) / Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O (Trihydrate) / Cu(NO₃)₂·6H₂O (Hexahydrate) |
| Molecular Weight | 187.56 / 241.60 / 295.65 g/mol |
| Appearance | Bright blue crystals (hydrates); Pale blue/white powder (anhydrous) |
| Density | 2.32 g/cm³ (Anhydrous) |
| Solubility in Water | Very high (243.7 g/100 mL at 0°C) |
| Primary Functions | Oxidizer, catalyst, pigment, mordant, fungicide, electroplating source |
| Main Application Areas | Textile, agriculture, pyrotechnics, ceramics, surface treatment, wood preservation, organic chemistry |
| Shelf Life | 24 – 36 months |
| GHS Signal Word | WARNING |
| UN Number | 3085 |
| Hazard Class | Class 5.1 (Oxidizer) |
| Packing Group | III |
| Special Properties | Strong oxidizer; Hygroscopic; Toxic to aquatic life; Blue color; Copper source; Marine pollutant. |
SECTION 21: CRITICAL WARNINGS AND BEST PRACTICES
CRITICAL WARNINGS:
-
STRONG OXIDIZER (H272): Will intensify fire and support combustion. KEEP AWAY FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.
-
HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED (H302): Avoid ingestion; Use appropriate safety measures.
-
CAUSES SKIN AND EYE IRRITATION (H315, H319): Personal protective equipment is mandatory.
-
VERY TOXIC TO AQUATIC LIFE (H400, H410): AVOID RELEASE TO THE ENVIRONMENT.
-
HYGROSCOPIC: Absorbs moisture from air; Store in tightly closed containers.
-
DECOMPOSITION: Decomposes upon heating, releasing toxic nitrogen oxides (NOx) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂).
-
HEAT SENSITIVE: May decompose above 170°C.
-
COPPER COMPOUND: Copper is a heavy metal; handle with care; dispose of properly.
-
COLOR INDICATOR: Blue color indicates hydrated form; color change may indicate dehydration or contamination.
BEST PRACTICE RECOMMENDATIONS:
-
Textile Industry: Use as mordant in dyeing processes; Dosage: 5-10 g/L; Dissolve in water before use; Apply with dyes for color fixation.
-
Agriculture: Use as precursor for fungicides; Copper-based pesticide formulations; Apply according to crop protection guidelines; Follow local agricultural regulations.
-
Pyrotechnics: Use as oxidizer and colorant; Blue/blue-green flame production; Dosage: 15-25% of composition; Handle with care; Avoid static discharge.
-
Ceramics & Glass: Use as pigment for blue to green colors; Dosage: 1-10% depending on desired color intensity; Incorporate into glaze or glass formulations.
-
Surface Treatment: Use as copper source for electroplating; Dosage: 5-20% in plating baths; Proper agitation and filtration required.
-
Organic Chemistry: Use as catalyst and reagent; Nitration reactions; Synthesis of 3-aminopropenones; Use with acetic anhydride for optimal results.
-
Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas; Avoid dust formation; Use dust masks (N95/FFP2) when handling powder; Use gloves and safety goggles; Avoid contact with eyes and skin.
-
Personal Protective Equipment: MANDATORY: Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shield, protective clothing, dust mask (N95/FFP2 or higher), fire-retardant clothing (for pyrotechnic applications).
-
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling; Do not eat, drink, or smoke while using; Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
-
Storage: Store in tightly closed, moisture-proof containers; Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area; Protect from moisture and heat; Keep away from combustible materials; Opened containers must be resealed immediately; Shelf life: 24-36 months under proper conditions.
-
Spill Management: Sweep or vacuum (HEPA) and place in suitable sealed container; Avoid dust formation; Do not allow entry into drains or waterways; Dispose as hazardous waste.
-
Disposal: Dispose of in accordance with local, regional, and national regulations; Hazardous waste (oxidizer, environmental hazard); Use authorized disposal facilities.
DETECTION METHODS:
| Method | Description | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|
| AAS / ICP | Copper and trace element analysis | High sensitivity, accurate, specific | High cost, requires expertise |
| Titrimetric | Copper determination by iodometry | Simple, standard method | Requires careful technique |
| UV-Vis Spectrophotometry | Colorimetric determination | Rapid, moderate cost | Requires calibration |
| Ion Chromatography | Nitrate ion determination | Specific nitrate analysis | High cost, requires expertise |
| Gravimetric Analysis | Copper determination by precipitation | Standard method | Time-consuming |
| pH Meter | pH of solution | Simple, rapid | Indicative only |
COPPER(II) NITRATE vs ALTERNATIVES COMPARISON:
| Product | Chemical Name / E Code | Application | Strength | Weakness | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Copper(II) Nitrate | Cu(NO₃)₂ | Textile, pyrotechnics, agriculture, catalyst | Strong oxidizer, soluble, blue color | Environmental toxicity, hygroscopic | Regulated |
| Copper Sulfate | CuSO₄ | Agriculture, electroplating, algaecide | High copper content, stable | Less soluble, no nitrogen source | Widely used |
| Copper Chloride | CuCl₂ | Catalyst, pigment, agriculture | Soluble, copper source | Corrosive | Widely used |
| Copper Oxide | CuO | Pigment, catalyst, ceramics | Stable, insoluble | Low solubility | Widely used |
| Copper Acetate | Cu(CH₃COO)₂ | Pigment, catalyst, fungicide | Organic soluble | Lower copper content | Limited |
LEGAL DISCLAIMER:
The information provided in this document is based on our current knowledge and experience and is presented in good faith. However, as all conditions of use are beyond our control, it does not constitute a binding specification or warranty. This Technical Data Sheet is for informational purposes only. Users are responsible for testing the suitability for their own applications and for complying with all local, regional, and national regulations. For complete safety, storage, use, handling, waste, and regulatory compliance information, please refer to the official Safety Data Sheet (SDS/MSDS) provided by the manufacturer/supplier. Copper(II) nitrate is a strong oxidizer and environmental hazard; handle with appropriate precautions and avoid environmental release.
