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Technical Classification of Fiber Types

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Fiber Types – Full Technical Classification Table

​​​​🧵 What Is “Elyaf”? Why Not “Elyaflar”?

Elyaf is the Turkish term for fiber, specifically referring to a collection of textile-grade filaments suitable for spinning into yarn or fabric. In Turkish, “elyaf” is inherently plural — it already refers to multiple fibers.

❌ Why “Elyaflar” Is Incorrect

  • The word “elyaflar” attempts to pluralize an already plural noun.

  • It’s similar to saying “furnitures” in English — grammatically incorrect and technically misleading.

  • In professional documents (TDS, catalogs, training materials), using “elyaflar” reduces linguistic precision and may reflect poorly on technical credibility.

✅ Correct Usage Examples

Incorrect Phrase Correct Phrase
Elyaflar türleri Elyaf türleri
Elyaflar özellikleri Elyaf özellikleri
Elyaflar sınıflandırması Elyaf sınıflandırması

📌 In Technical Contexts:

  • Always use “elyaf” as a collective noun.

  • For clarity, pair it with descriptors like “türleri” (types), “özellikleri” (properties), or “sınıflandırması” (classification).

  • This ensures both linguistic accuracy and sectoral professionalism.

 

In Turkish, the word “elyaf” is inherently plural — it refers to a collection of fibers. Therefore, saying “elyaflar” is grammatically incorrect because it redundantly pluralizes an already plural noun.

  • ✅ Correct: elyaf türleri (fiber types)

  • ❌ Incorrect: elyaflar türleri

This linguistic rule is specific to Turkish. In English, the word “fiber” is singular, and its plural form “fibers” is grammatically and technically correct.

🧵 Fiber Types – Full Technical Classification Table

Fibers are classified into natural, regenerated (semi-synthetic), synthetic, inorganic, functional, biodegradable, and hybrid categories.

1️⃣ Natural Fiber Types

Fiber Type Source Plant/Animal Technical Properties Common Applications
Cotton Cotton plant Soft, breathable, moisture-absorbent Apparel, home textiles, medical
Flax (Linen) Linum usitatissimum Crisp, durable, fast-drying Shirts, tablecloths, summer wear
Hemp Cannabis sativa Antibacterial, strong, eco-friendly Technical textiles, bags, sustainable fashion
Jute Corchorus spp. Coarse, biodegradable, low elasticity Sacks, carpet backing, packaging
Ramie Boehmeria nivea Lustrous, mildew-resistant, strong Blended fabrics, summer apparel
Sisal Agave sisalana Stiff, water-resistant Rugs, ropes, technical textiles
Kapok Ceiba pentandra Lightweight, water-repellent Pillow filling, life vests
Abaca Musa textilis (banana) High tensile strength Marine ropes, filtration textiles
Coir Coconut husk Coarse, elastic, biodegradable Mats, insulation, upholstery
Wool Sheep Thermal insulation, moisture-absorbent Winter wear, carpets, blankets
Cashmere Goat Soft, lightweight, warm Luxury knitwear
Mohair Angora goat Lustrous, durable Fashion textiles
Alpaca Alpaca Soft, hypoallergenic Premium garments
Angora Rabbit Lightweight, soft Knitwear, underwear
Silk Silkworm Lustrous, strong, smooth Luxury apparel, scarves
Camel Hair Camel Excellent insulation Winter coats, blankets

2️⃣ Regenerated (Semi-Synthetic) Fiber Types

Fiber Type Source Technical Properties Common Applications
Viscose Cellulose Soft, absorbent, drapey Fashion, linings
Modal Beech wood High moisture absorbency, soft Underwear, home textiles
Lyocell (Tencel®) Wood pulp Sustainable, strong Premium apparel, medical textiles
Cupro Cotton linter Silk-like, breathable Linings, dresses
Acetate / Triacetate Cellulose + acetic acid Lustrous, low absorbency Linings, formalwear
Bamboo Rayon Bamboo Antibacterial, soft Organic textiles, underwear
Soy Protein Fiber Soybean Protein-based, soft Organic innerwear
Milk Fiber (Casein) Milk protein Antibacterial, moisture-absorbent Medical textiles

3️⃣ Synthetic Fiber Types

Fiber Type Chemical Structure Technical Properties Common Applications
Polyester (PES) PET-based Durable, low absorbency Sportswear, technical textiles
Nylon (PA 6, PA 6.6) Polyamide Elastic, high strength Lingerie, hosiery, industrial fabrics
Acrylic Polyacrylonitrile Wool-like, lightweight Knitwear, blankets
Polypropylene (PP) Olefin Lightweight, chemical-resistant Nonwovens, carpet backing
Polyethylene (PE) Olefin Water-resistant, low density Packaging, technical textiles
Spandex (Elastane) Polyurethane High elasticity Sportswear, swimwear
Aramid (Meta & Para) Aromatic polyamide Heat and abrasion resistant Protective clothing, ballistic textiles
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Vinyl-based Water-soluble, biodegradable Medical, packaging
Polylactic Acid (PLA) Biopolymer Biodegradable, sustainable Eco-textiles, packaging
Azlon (Aralac) Protein-based synthetic Soft, absorbent Fashion, medical textiles

4️⃣ Inorganic Fiber Types

Fiber Type Technical Properties Common Applications
Glass Fiber Heat and chemical resistant Insulation, technical textiles
Carbon Fiber Extremely strong, lightweight Composites, sports equipment
Metal Fiber Conductive Antistatic textiles, decorative fabrics
Ceramic Fiber High temperature resistance Industrial insulation, technical textiles

5️⃣ Functional / Hybrid Fiber Types

Fiber Type Properties Common Applications
Bamboo Fiber Antibacterial, natural Organic textiles, underwear
Corn Fiber Biodegradable, plant-based Sustainable fashion
Bi-component Fiber Dual-core structure (e.g. PE/PET) Thermal bonding, special effects Nonwovens, filtration
Blended Fibers Fiber combinations (e.g. PES/CO) Optimized performance Fashion and technical textiles

 

Fiber Types – Definition, Production Source, Production Purpose and Areas of Use

🧵 Fiber Types – Definition, Production Source, Purpose, and Application

🔹 Natural Plant-Based Fiber Types

Fiber Type Definition Production Source Purpose of Production Application Area
Cotton Soft, moisture-absorbent Cotton plant For breathable and comfortable fabrics Apparel, home textiles, medical
Flax (Linen) Stiff, fast-drying Flax plant For durable and summer-weight fabrics Shirts, tablecloths, summer clothing
Hemp Antibacterial, eco-friendly Cannabis sativa For sustainable and technical textiles Bags, workwear, insulation
Jute Coarse, biodegradable Corchorus spp. For low-cost packaging and backing fabrics Sacks, carpet backing, decorative textiles
Ramie Lustrous, mildew-resistant Boehmeria nivea For blended fabrics with shine and strength Summer clothing, upholstery
Sisal Water-resistant, stiff Agave sisalana For technical and outdoor products Rugs, ropes, packaging
Kapok Lightweight, water-repellent Ceiba pentandra For natural filling alternatives Pillows, duvets, life vests
Abaca High tensile strength Musa textilis (banana) For marine ropes and filtration textiles Ropes, filters, technical fabrics
Coir Coarse, elastic Coconut husk For biodegradable filling and insulation Mats, insulation, upholstery

🔹 Natural Animal-Based Fiber Types

Fiber Type Definition Production Source Purpose of Production Application Area
Wool Excellent thermal insulation Sheep fleece For warm fabrics in cold climates Winter clothing, carpets, blankets
Cashmere Soft, lightweight Cashmere goat For luxury and lightweight winter garments Knitwear, sweaters, scarves
Mohair Lustrous, durable Angora goat For fashion textiles with volume and shine Dresses, accessories
Alpaca Hypoallergenic, warm Alpaca animal For premium insulating textiles Coats, sweaters, blankets
Angora Lightweight, soft Rabbit hair For soft and warm innerwear Knitwear, underwear
Silk Lustrous, strong Silkworm cocoon For luxury and lightweight fabrics Scarves, dresses, lingerie
Camel Hair High thermal insulation Camel fleece For natural insulation in cold climates Coats, blankets

🔹 Regenerated (Semi-Synthetic) Fiber Types

Fiber Type Definition Production Source Purpose of Production Application Area
Viscose Drapey, absorbent Cellulose (wood pulp) For natural-looking and absorbent fabrics Fashion textiles, linings
Modal Soft, moisture-absorbent Beech wood For cotton-like comfort Underwear, home textiles
Lyocell (Tencel®) Strong, eco-friendly Wood pulp For sustainable and skin-friendly textiles Premium apparel, medical textiles
Cupro Silk-like Cottonseed linter For luxury linings and smooth fabrics Linings, dresses
Acetate / Triacetate Lustrous, low absorbency Cellulose + acetic acid For formalwear and linings Dresses, linings
Bamboo Rayon Antibacterial, soft Bamboo cellulose For organic and eco-friendly textiles Underwear, children’s wear
Soy Protein Fiber Protein-based, soft Soybean For biodegradable, natural protein textiles Organic innerwear
Milk Fiber (Casein) Antibacterial Milk protein For medical and antibacterial textiles Medical wear, underwear

🔹 Synthetic Fiber Types

Fiber Type Definition Production Source Purpose of Production Application Area
Polyester (PES) Durable, low-cost PET (petroleum-based polymer) For versatile and economical textiles Sportswear, packaging, technical textiles
Nylon (PA) Elastic, strong Polyamide (petrochemical) For strength and abrasion resistance Lingerie, hosiery, industrial fabrics
Acrylic Wool-like, lightweight Polyacrylonitrile For warm, wool-alternative fabrics Knitwear, blankets
Polypropylene (PP) Lightweight, chemical-resistant Olefin (petrochemical) For water-resistant and technical textiles Nonwovens, carpet backing, medical
Polyethylene (PE) Water-resistant Olefin (petrochemical) For packaging and technical textiles Technical textiles, packaging
Spandex (Elastane) Highly elastic Polyurethane For stretchable, form-fitting fabrics Sportswear, swimwear, underwear
Aramid (Meta & Para) Heat-resistant Aromatic polyamide For protective and ballistic textiles Safety gear, military textiles
PVA Water-soluble Polyvinyl alcohol For biodegradable and medical products Medical, packaging
PLA Biodegradable Corn starch (biopolymer) For sustainable textiles and packaging Organic textiles, packaging
Azlon (Aralac) Synthetic protein-based Soy, milk proteins For soft and absorbent textiles Fashion, medical textiles

🔹 Inorganic and Functional Fiber Types

Fiber Type Definition Production Source Purpose of Production Application Area
Glass Fiber Heat and chemical resistant Silicate-based glass For technical insulation and durability Insulation, technical textiles
Carbon Fiber Extremely strong and lightweight Carbon atoms For composites and lightweight structures Sports equipment, aerospace, automotive
Metal Fiber Electrically conductive Stainless steel, aluminum wire For antistatic and electromagnetic shielding Technical textiles, filters, decorative fabrics
Ceramic Fiber High temperature resistant Alumina, silica For industrial insulation and heat-resistant textiles Furnace insulation, technical textiles
Bi-component Fiber Dual-core structure (e.g., PE/PET) Co-extrusion of two polymers For thermal bonding, special effects, and functional surfaces Nonwoven fabrics, filtration textiles
Blended Fibers Combination of different fibers (e.g., PES/CO) Physical mixing of fiber types For performance optimization (strength + comfort) Fashion textiles, workwear, technical fabrics
Bamboo Fiber Antibacterial, natural Bamboo plant cellulose For organic and eco-friendly textile production Underwear, children’s wear, home textiles
Corn Fiber (PLA) Biodegradable, plant-based Corn starch (polylactic acid) For sustainable and eco-conscious textiles Organic clothing, packaging, nonwoven products
Soy Protein Fiber Protein-based, soft Soybean protein For natural, biodegradable textile alternatives Underwear, medical textiles
Milk Fiber (Casein) Antibacterial, moisture-absorbent Milk protein (casein) For medical and antibacterial textile applications Medical wear, underwear, baby products
Fiber Type Definition Production Source Purpose of Production Application Area
Bi-component Fiber Dual-core structure (e.g., PE/PET) Co-extrusion of two polymers For thermal bonding, special effects, and functional surfaces Nonwoven fabrics, filtration textiles
Blended Fibers Combination of different fibers (e.g., PES/CO) Physical mixing of fiber types For performance optimization (strength + comfort) Fashion textiles, workwear, technical fabrics
Bamboo Fiber Antibacterial, natural Bamboo plant cellulose For organic and eco-friendly textile production Underwear, children’s wear, home textiles
Corn Fiber (PLA) Biodegradable, plant-based Corn starch (polylactic acid) For sustainable and eco-conscious textiles Organic clothing, packaging, nonwoven products
Soy Protein Fiber Protein-based, soft Soybean protein For natural, biodegradable textile alternatives Underwear, medical textiles
Milk Fiber (Casein) Antibacterial, moisture-absorbent Milk protein (casein) For medical and antibacterial textile applications Medical wear, underwear, baby products

 

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