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Nonwoven Fabric, Machinery and Production Information

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What Is Nonwoven Fabric?

🧵 What Is Nonwoven Fabric?

Nonwoven fabric is a textile structure made directly from fibers without the traditional weaving or knitting processes. Instead of yarns, fibers are bonded together using mechanical, thermal, or chemical methods.

  • Key Features:

    • Fast and cost-effective production

    • Lightweight and porous

    • Can be disposable or durable

    • Customizable for filtration, hygiene, medical, and industrial use

  • Common Applications:

    • Medical: masks, gowns, bandages

    • Hygiene: diapers, sanitary pads

    • Filtration: air and water filters

    • Packaging: shopping bags, protective covers

    • Agriculture, automotive, construction

 

Types of Nonwoven Fabrics

🔹 Types of Nonwoven Fabrics

Type Bonding Method Common Uses
Spunbond Thermally bonded filaments Masks, packaging, crop covers
Spunlace (Hydroentangled) High-pressure water jets Wet wipes, medical textiles
Meltblown Microfibers via air-blown extrusion Surgical masks, filters
Airlaid Air-formed fiber web Hygiene products, cleaning wipes
Wetlaid Water-suspended fiber deposition Medical drapes, specialty filters
Needle-punched Mechanically bonded via needles Geotextiles, carpet backing, insulation
Chemical bonded Adhesive binders Cleaning cloths, disposable medical items
Thermal bonded Heat and pressure Hygiene layers, packaging sheets

 

Nonwoven Production Techniques

🏭 Nonwoven Production Techniques

1. Web Formation (Fiber Layering)

  • Drylaid: Carding or airlaying fibers

  • Wetlaid: Fiber slurry deposited via water

  • Spunlaid: Direct extrusion from polymer (Spunbond, Meltblown)

2. Web Bonding (Fiber Fixation)

  • Mechanical: Needle punching, stitch bonding

  • Thermal: Calendering, air-through bonding

  • Chemical: Binder application

  • Hydroentanglement: High-pressure water jets

3. Finishing Processes

  • Coating, laminating, printing, cutting, packaging

 

Nonwoven Machinery Types

🛠️ Nonwoven Machinery Types

Machine Type Function
Bale Opener Opens and feeds fiber bales
Carding Machine Aligns fibers and forms web
Airlaid Unit Uses air to deposit fibers
Spunbond Line Extrudes filaments and forms web
Meltblown Unit Produces microfibers for filtration
Needle Punching Machine Mechanically bonds fibers
Hydroentanglement Unit Bonds fibers using water jets
Calender Press Thermally bonds and smooths surface
Chemical Applicator Applies binders or finishes
Slitting & Winding Unit Cuts and rolls finished fabric

 

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